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By Abdulaziz Ali - Medically reviewed by Prof. Zeynep Sevim, on May 01, 2022

People who have any following conditions are not suitable for Sex Reassignment Surgery:

● HIV infection
● Diabetes
● Hemophilia
● Deep vein thrombosis
● Severe hypertension
● Hepatitis C
● Obesity


How many trips do I need to take abroad to complete the procedure? 

You will need 1 trip abroad to complete the whole procedure, and follow up with your local doctor. 


5 to 7 nights stay in the hospital is required


How long will the surgery take? 

Gastric bypass surgery will take between 2 to 4 hours


Patient is required to stay 2 weeks in Istanbul


A wide-ranging assessment of the patient will be done, so as to gain insight about the problems the person is encountering and the motives of their desire to sex reassignment operation. Before the operation, transgender people have to comprehend the hazards and limitations related to sex-change surgery. Patients generally need to get 2-3 assessments before directed to a hormone specialist. Following 12 months on hormone therapy, patients can go for gender reassignment surgery.


Gender change surgery is carried out in a different way.

Gender reassignment surgery female to male:

● Mastectomy
● Hysterectomy
● Vaginectomy
● Urethral prefabrication
● Phalloplasty

Above operations are carried out in 3 major phases with 3 to 6 months between them. High charges and the risks of having complications makes just about 25% of transgender people to attend them entirely.

Gender reassignment surgery male to female:

● Penile skin inversion
● Colon vaginoplasty

The whole operations are carried out under general anesthesia, and the majority of the operations take 5 to 8 hours.


The typical recovery time of sex reassignment surgery is changing according to the patient and the gender of them. 
● Gender reassignment surgery female to male
The hospital stay of the patient will last 30 days. The period can last up to a couple of years if the patient experienced all operations needed.

● Gender reassignment surgery male to female
After the operation, patients need to do a liquid-only diet for a week. After a week, patients can begin walking with a short duration. Sexual intercourse may be continued 2 months after the operation. A dilator has to be utilized by the patient for 30 minutes at least two times a day.


Gender reassignment surgery may come with the following risks and complications: 
● severe infection
● Loss of capability to orgasm
● Tissue necrosis
● Intestinal fistulae
● Thrombosis
● Incontinence
● Hematoma


Gender Reassignment Surgery side effects may involve:

● Pain
● Bleeding
● Vomiting and nausea
● Long recovery time, particularly for sex change female to male operation

Depression and high levels of anxiety may also be felt by some, before and after the gender reassignment operation.


Gender change operation is generally successful. About 80% of male-to-female patients state satisfactory sexual intercourse, involving the capability to orgasm.


One week after the operation, transgender patients can remain on hormone therapy. In addition, male to female patients will not be capable of having a child or menstruating. The regret of having a sex change operation is about 1% in transgender patients.


– Is sex reassignment surgery permanent?
Yes, the results are permanent, and because of that, the patients are needed to pass several mental health evaluations before getting a sex change operation.

– How long do I have to dilate, after having male to female sex reassignment surgery?
Patients will be needed to remain using a dilator daily for at least 2 years following the sex-change operation. After 2 years, it can be used 3 times a week.

– Can my neovagina lubricate naturally after a sex change operation?
Yes and no – it relies upon the kind of method used. While some sex reassignment surgery patients can enjoy some degree of lubrication, it may not be sufficient to ease intercourse fully. 


This content is written and reviewed by our medical content team in September, 2019.